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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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| Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S.; Metzl, Nicolas; O'Brien, Kevin M.; Olsen, Are; Smith, Karl; Cosca, Cathy; Harasawa, Sumiko; Jones, Stephen D.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Schuster, Ute; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sweeney, Colm; Takahashi, Taro; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wada, Chisato; Wanninkhof, Rik; Alin, Simone R.; Balestrini, Carlos F.; Barbero, Leticia; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bianchi, Alejandro A.; Bonou, Frederic; Boutin, Jacqueline; Bozec, Yann; Burger, Eugene F.; Cai, Wei-jun; Castle, Robert D.; Chen, Liqi; Chierici, Melissa; Currie, Kim; Evans, Wiley; Featherstone, Charles; Feely, Richard A.; Fransson, Agneta; Goyet, Catherine; Greenwood, Naomi; Gregor, Luke; Hankin, Steven; Hardman-mountford, Nick J.; Harlay, Jerome; Hauck, Judith; Hoppema, Mario; Humphreys, Matthew P.; Hunt, Christopherw.; Huss, Betty; Ibanhez, J. Severino P.; Johannessen, Truls; Keeling, Ralph; Kitidis, Vassilis; Koertzinger, Arne; Kozyr, Alex; Krasakopoulou, Evangelia; Kuwata, Akira; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lauvset, Siv K.; Lefevre, Nathalie; Lo Monaco, Claire; Manke, Ansley; Mathis, Jeremy T.; Merlivat, Liliane; Millero, Frank J.; Monteiro, Pedro M. S.; Munro, David R.; Murata, Akihiko; Newberger, Timothy; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Ono, Tsuneo; Paterson, Kristina; Pearce, David; Pierrot, Denis; Robbins, Lisa L.; Saito, Shu; Salisbury, Joe; Schlitzer, Reiner; Schneider, Bernd; Schweitzer, Roland; Sieger, Rainer; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Sullivan, Kevin F.; Sutherland, Stewart C.; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Tadokoro, Kazuaki; Telszewski, Maciej; Tuma, Matthias; Van Heuven, Steven M. A. C. .; Vandemark, Doug; Ward, Brian; Watson, Andrew J.; Xu, Suqing. |
| The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis of quality-controlled fCO(2) (fugacity of carbon dioxide) values for the global surface oceans and coastal seas with regular updates. Version 3 of SOCAT has 14.7 million fCO(2) values from 3646 data sets covering the years 1957 to 2014. This latest version has an additional 4.6 million fCO(2) values relative to version 2 and extends the record from 2011 to 2014. Version 3 also significantly increases the data availability for 2005 to 2013. SOCAT has an average of approximately 1.2 million surface water fCO(2) values per year for the years 2006 to 2012. Quality and documentation of the data has improved. A new feature is the data set quality control (QC) flag of E for data from alternative sensors and... |
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| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49405/49890.pdf |
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| Wanninkhof, Rik; Pickers, Penelope A.; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Sutton, Adrienne; Murata, Akihiko; Olsen, Are; Stephens, Britton B.; Tilbrook, Bronte; Munro, David; Pierrot, Denis; Rehder, Gregor; Magdalena Santana-casiano, J.; Mueller, Jens D.; Trinanes, Joaquin; Tedesco, Kathy; O'Brien, Kevin; Currie, Kim; Barberols, Leticia; Telszewski, Maciej; Hoppema, Mario; Ishii, Masao; Gonzalez-davila, Melchor; Bates, Nicholas R.; Metzl, Nicolas; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Feely, Richard A.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Lauvset, Siv K.; Takahashi, Taro; Steinhoff, Tobias; Schuster, Ute. |
| The Surface Ocean CO2 NETwork (SOCONET) and atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) CO2 measurements from ships and buoys focus on the operational aspects of measurements of CO2 in both the ocean surface and atmospheric MBLs. The goal is to provide accurate pCO(2) data to within 2 micro atmosphere (mu atm) for surface ocean and 0.2 parts per million (ppm) for MBL measurements following rigorous best practices, calibration and intercomparison procedures. Platforms and data will be tracked in near real-time and final quality-controlled data will be provided to the community within a year. The network, involving partners worldwide, will aid in production of important products such as maps of monthly resolved surface ocean CO2 and air-sea CO2 flux... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Network; Oceanography; Fluxes; Best practices. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78725/80992.pdf |
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| Le Quere, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Canadell, Josep G.; Sitch, Stephen; Korsbakken, Jan Ivar; Peters, Glen P.; Manning, Andrew C.; Boden, Thomas A.; Tans, Pieter P.; Houghton, Richard A.; Keeling, Ralph F.; Alin, Simone; Andrews, Oliver D.; Anthoni, Peter; Barbero, Leticia; Bopp, Laurent; Chevallier, Frederic; Chini, Louise P.; Ciais, Philippe; Currie, Kim; Delire, Christine; Doney, Scott C.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Harris, Ian; Hauck, Judith; Haverd, Vanessa; Hoppema, Mario; Goldewijk, Kees Klein; Jain, Atul K.; Kato, Etsushi; Koertzinger, Arne; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lefevre, Nathalie; Lenton, Andrew; Lienert, Sebastian; Lombardozzi, Danica; Melton, Joe R.; Metzl, Nicolas; Millero, Frank; Monteiro, Pedro M. S.; Munro, David R.; Nabel, Julia E. M. S.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; O'Brien, Kevin; Olsen, Are; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Ono, Tsuneo; Pierrot, Denis; Poulter, Benjamin; Roedenbeck, Christian; Salisbury, Joe; Schuster, Ute; Schwinger, Joerg; Seferian, Roland; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Stocker, Benjamin D.; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Takahashi, Taro; Tian, Hanqin; Tilbrook, Bronte; Van Der Laan-luijkx, Ingrid T.; Van Der Werf, Guido R.; Viovy, Nicolas; Walker, Anthony P.; Wiltshire, Andrew J.; Zaehle, Soenke. |
| Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere - the "global carbon budget" - is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and methodology to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community. We discuss changes compared to previous estimates and consistency within and among components, alongside methodology and data limitations. CO2 emissions from fossil... |
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| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49401/49899.pdf |
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| Le Quere, Corinne; Andrew, Robbie M.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Sitch, Stephen; Hauck, Judith; Pongratz, Julia; Pickers, Penelope A.; Korsbakken, Jan Ivar; Peters, Glen P.; Canadell, Josep G.; Arneth, Almut; Arora, Vivek K.; Barbero, Leticia; Bastos, Ana; Bopp, Laurent; Chevallier, Frederic; Chini, Louise P.; Ciais, Philippe; Doney, Scott C.; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Goll, Daniel S.; Harris, Ian; Haverd, Vanessa; Hoffman, Forrest M.; Hoppema, Mario; Houghton, Richard A.; Hurtt, George; Ilyina, Tatiana; Jain, Atul K.; Johannessen, Truls; Jones, Chris D.; Kato, Etsushi; Keeling, Ralph F.; Goldewijk, Kees Klein; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lefevre, Nathalie; Lienert, Sebastian; Liu, Zhu; Lombardozzi, Danica; Metzl, Nicolas; Munro, David R.; Nabel, Julia E. M. S.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Neill, Craig; Olsen, Are; Ono, Tsueno; Patra, Prabir; Peregon, Anna; Peters, Wouter; Peylin, Philippe; Pfeil, Benjamin; Pierrot, Denis; Poulter, Benjamin; Rehder, Gregor; Resplandy, Laure; Robertson, Eddy; Rocher, Matthias; Roedenbeck, Christian; Schuster, Ute; Schwinger, Jorg; Seferian, Roland; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sutton, Adrienne; Tans, Pieter P.; Tian, Hanqin; Tilbrook, Bronte; Tubiello, Francesco N.; Van Der Laan-luijkx, Ingrid T.; Van Der Werf, Guido R.; Viovy, Nicolas; Walker, Anthony P.; Wiltshire, Andrew J.; Wright, Rebecca; Zaehle, Soenke; Zheng, Bo. |
| Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere - the "global carbon budget" - is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (E-FF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land use and land-use change (E-LUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land use and land -use change data and bookkeeping models. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its growth rate... |
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| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78676/80892.pdf |
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| Watson, Andrew J.; Metzl, Nicolas; Schuster, Ute. |
| The oceans are an important sink for anthropogenically produced CO2, and on time scales longer than a century they will be the main repository for the CO2 that humans are emitting. Our knowledge of how ocean uptake varies (regionally and temporally) and the processes that control it is currently observation-limited. Traditionally, and based on sparse observations and models at coarse resolution, ocean uptake has been thought to be relatively invariant. However, in the few places where we have enough observations to define the uptake over periods of many years or decades, it has been found to change substantially at basin scales, responding to indices of climate variability. We illustrate this for three well-studied regions: the equatorial Pacific, the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: CO2; Carbon cycle; Greenhouse gases; Atmospheric oxygen. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25561/23702.pdf |
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| Garcon, Veronique; Bell, Thomas G; Wallace, Douglas; Arnold, Steve R.; Baker, Alex R.; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Bange, Hermann W.; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bopp, Laurent; Boutin, Jacqueline; Boyd, Phili^w.; Bracher, Astrid; Burrows, John P.; Carpenter, Lucy J; De Leeuw, Gerrit; Fennel, Katja; Font, Jordi; Friedrich, Tobias; Garbe, Christoph S.; Gruber, Nicolas; Jaegle, Lyatt; Lana, Arancha; Lee, James D.; Liss, Peter S.; Miller, Lisa A.; Olgun, Nazli; Olsen, Are; Pfeil, Benjamin; Quack, Birgit; Read, Katie A.; Reul, Nicolas; Rodenbeck, Christian; Rohekar, Oliver; Saiz-lopez, Alfonso; Saltzman, Eric S.; Schneising, Oliver; Schuster, Ute; Seferian, Roland; Seinhoff, Tobias; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Ziska, Franziska. |
| Why a chapter on Perspectives and Integration in SOLAS Science in this book? SOLAS science by its nature deals with interactions that occur: across a wide spectrum of time and space scales, involve gases and particles, between the ocean and the atmosphere, across many disciplines including chemistry, biology, optics, physics, mathematics, computing, socio-economics and consequently interactions between many different scientists and across scientific generations. This chapter provides a guide through the remarkable diversity of cross-cutting approaches and tools in the gigantic puzzle of the SOLAS realm. Here we overview the existing prime components of atmospheric and oceanic observing systems, with the acquisition of ocean–atmosphere observables either... |
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| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28189/26428.pdf |
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| Lebehot, Alice D.; Halloran, Paul Richard; Watson, Andrew J.; Mcneall, Doug; Ford, David A.; Landschuetzer, Peter; Lauvset, Siv K.; Schuster, Ute. |
| The North Atlantic Ocean is a region of intense uptake of atmospheric CO2. To assess how this CO2 sink has evolved over recent decades, various approaches have been used to estimate basin-wide uptake from the irregularly sampled in situ CO2 observations. Until now, the lack of robust uncertainties associated with observation-based gap-filling methods required to produce these estimates has limited the capacity to validate climate model simulated surface ocean CO2 concentrations. After robustly quantifying basin-wide and annually varying interpolation uncertainties using both observational and model data, we show that the North Atlantic surface ocean fugacity of CO2 (fCO(2-ocean)) increased at a significantly slower rate than that simulated by the latest... |
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| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78721/81005.pdf |
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| Watson, Andrew J.; Schuster, Ute; Shutler, Jamie D.; Holding, Thomas; Ashton, Ian; Landschuetzer, Peter; Woolf, David K.; Goddijn-murphy, Lonneke. |
| The ocean is a sink for similar to 25% of the atmospheric CO2 emitted by human activities, an amount in excess of 2 petagrams of carbon per year (PgCyr(-1)). Time-resolved estimates of global ocean-atmosphere CO2 flux provide an important constraint on the global carbon budget. However, previous estimates of this flux, derived from surface ocean CO2 concentrations, have not corrected the data for temperature gradients between the surface and sampling at a few meters depth, or for the effect of the cool ocean surface skin. Here we calculate a time history of ocean-atmosphere CO2 fluxes from 1992 to 2018, corrected for these effects. These increase the calculated net flux into the oceans by 0.8-0.9 PgC yr(-1), at times doubling uncorrected values. We... |
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| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78826/81135.pdf |
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| Shutler, Jamie D; Wanninkhof, Rik; Nightingale, Philip D; Woolf, David K; Bakker, Dorothee Ce; Watson, Andy; Ashton, Ian; Holding, Thomas; Chapron, Bertrand; Quilfen, Yves; Fairall, Chris; Schuster, Ute; Nakajima, Masakatsu; Donlon, Craig J. |
| The ability to routinely quantify global carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption by the oceans has become crucial: it provides a powerful constraint for establishing global and regional carbon (C) budgets, and enables identification of the ecological impacts and risks of this uptake on the marine environment. Advances in understanding, technology, and international coordination have made it possible to measure CO2 absorption by the oceans to a greater degree of accuracy than is possible in terrestrial landscapes. These advances, combined with new satellite‐based Earth observation capabilities, increasing public availability of data, and cloud computing, provide important opportunities for addressing critical knowledge gaps. Furthermore, Earth observation in... |
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| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00590/70256/68305.pdf |
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| Smith, Shawn R.; Alory, Gaël; Andersson, Axel; Asher, William; Baker, Alex; Berry, David I.; Drushka, Kyla; Figurskey, Darin; Freeman, Eric; Holthus, Paul; Jickells, Tim; Kleta, Henry; Kent, Elizabeth C.; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Kramp, Martin; Loh, Zoe; Poli, Paul; Schuster, Ute; Steventon, Emma; Swart, Sebastiaan; Tarasova, Oksana; Petit De La Villeon, Loic; Vinogradova-shiffer, Nadya. |
| The role ships play in atmospheric, oceanic, and biogeochemical observations is described with a focus on measurements made near the ocean surface. Ships include merchant and research vessels; cruise liners and ferries; fishing vessels; coast guard, military, and other government-operated ships; yachts; and a growing fleet of automated surface vessels. The present capabilities of ships to measure essential climate/ocean variables and the requirements from a broad community to address operational, commercial, and scientific needs are described. The authors provide a vision to expand observations needed from ships to understand and forecast the exchanges across the ocean–atmosphere interface. The vision addresses (1) recruiting vessels to improve both... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Ships; Observations; Meteorology; Physical oceanography; Biogeochemistry; Data management; Climatology. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00509/62042/66191.pdf |
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| Le Quere, Corinne; Raupach, Michael R.; Canadell, Josep G.; Marland, Gregg; Bopp, Laurent; Ciais, Philippe; Conway, Thomas J.; Doney, Scott C.; Feely, Richard A.; Foster, Pru; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Gurney, Kevin; Houghton, Richard A.; House, Joanna I.; Huntingford, Chris; Levy, Peter E.; Lomas, Mark R.; Majkut, Joseph; Metzl, Nicolas; Ometto, Jean P.; Peters, Glen P.; Prentice, I. Colin; Randerson, James T.; Running, Steven W.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Schuster, Ute; Sitch, Stephen; Takahashi, Taro; Viovy, Nicolas; Van Der Werf, Guido R.; Woodward, F. Ian. |
| Efforts to control climate change require the stabilization of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This can only be achieved through a drastic reduction of global CO2 emissions. Yet fossil fuel emissions increased by 29% between 2000 and 2008, in conjunction with increased contributions from emerging economies, from the production and international trade of goods and services, and from the use of coal as a fuel source. In contrast, emissions from land-use changes were nearly constant. Between 1959 and 2008, 43% of each year's CO2 emissions remained in the atmosphere on average; the rest was absorbed by carbon sinks on land and in the oceans. In the past 50 years, the fraction of CO2 emissions that remains in the atmosphere each year has likely increased, from... |
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| Ano: 2009 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00218/32907/31397.pdf |
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| Kitidis, Vassilis; Shutler, Jamie D.; Ashton, Ian; Warren, Mark; Brown, Ian; Findlay, Helen; Hartman, Sue E.; Sanders, Richard; Humphreys, Matthew; Kivimae, Caroline; Greenwood, Naomi; Hull, Tom; Pearce, David; Mcgrath, Triona; Stewart, Brian M.; Walsham, Pamela; Mcgovern, Evin; Bozec, Yann; Gac, Jean-philippe; Van Heuven, Steven M. A. C.; Hoppema, Mario; Schuster, Ute; Johannessen, Truls; Omar, Abdirahman; Lauvset, Siv K.; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Olsen, Are; Steinhoff, Tobias; Koertzinger, Arne; Becker, Meike; Lefevre, Nathalie; Diverres, Denis; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Cattrijsse, Andre; Petersen, Wilhelm; Voynova, Yoana G.; Chapron, Bertrand; Grouazel, Antoine; Land, Peter E.; Sharples, Jonathan; Nightingale, Philip D.. |
| Shelf seas play an important role in the global carbon cycle, absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and exporting carbon (C) to the open ocean and sediments. The magnitude of these processes is poorly constrained, because observations are typically interpolated over multiple years. Here, we used 298500 observations of CO2 fugacity (fCO(2)) from a single year (2015), to estimate the net influx of atmospheric CO2 as 26.2 +/- 4.7 Tg C yr(-1) over the open NW European shelf. CO2 influx from the atmosphere was dominated by influx during winter as a consequence of high winds, despite a smaller, thermally-driven, air-sea fCO(2) gradient compared to the larger, biologically-driven summer gradient. In order to understand this climate regulation service, we... |
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| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00607/71869/70566.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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